The changing colors of the Statue of Liberty: Chemistry video reveals how New York's most famous landmark was turned green by the city's pollution
如果你没看过美国自由女神像的老照片，你大概以为自由女神像一直都是绿色的吧。
其实，最初的女神像是古铜色的，那她是怎么一步一步变成绿色的呢？一起来了解其中奥妙。
New York's iconic, blue-green statue of liberty wasn't always green.
纽约的标志性蓝绿色自由女神像并不一直都是绿色的。
When the statue was gifted to the US from France in 1885, she was actually a shiny copper color.
1885年法国把这座女神像送给美国时，她实际上是亮闪闪的古铜色。
A new video reveals the chemical reactions involving oxygen and even air pollution that led to her color change from copper to liberty green.
最近有个视频揭示了氧气和空气污染是如何与女神像发生化学反应，把古铜色变成绿色的。
The statue of liberty was a gift from France to the US as a way of commemoratingthe US's fight for independence, as well as their own aspiration for democracy.
法国将这座自由女神像送给美国作为礼物，是为了纪念美国的独立战争，以及法国自己对民主的渴望。
A video, published by the American Chemical Society, explains that the 305-foot (93 meter) statue was built over nine years in sections of copper skin on top of an iron skeleton.
由美国化学学会发布的这个视频解释了这座花费九年造成的高达305英尺（93米）的雕像是如何在铁质框架上包上一层铜。
According to the National Park Service, the statue is made of thirty tons of copper-enough to make 435 million pennies.
美国国家公园管理局称，自由女神像由30吨铜打造而成，这些铜足以制造4.35亿枚美分硬币。
'In her first few decades inthe Big Apple, the statue slowly turned from that shiny copper color to a dull brown and the, finally, to the blue-green, or as they'd say back in France, 'verdigris' we see today,' said the video's narrator.
该视频的解说员说：“在自由女神像入驻纽约市的头几十年，女神像慢慢地从闪亮的古铜色变成了暗淡的棕色，最后变成了我们今天看到的蓝绿色，或者法国人所谓的‘铜绿色’。”
When it changed color, some officials suggestedrestoringher back to her original color, but after the public protested againstthis decision, she was left the way she is.
自由女神像最初变色时，一些官员建议将其还原成最初的颜色，但是公众对这个决定表示抗议，于是女神像的这个颜色就保留了下来。
The statue's color change was as a result of oxidation reactionsbetween copper and the air.
自由女神像变色是铜和空气氧化反应的结果。
But it was more than one reaction-the color change is due to about 30 years worth of different reactions leading to a mixture of greenish minerals.
但是这种变色不只缘于一种化学反应，而是三十年间多种不同的化学反应相混合才导致了这种绿色。
Oxidation reactions happen when an atom loses an electron to another atom.
当一个原子的一个电子转移给了另一个原子，这时就发生了氧化反应。
In the case of the statue of liberty, her color change was bound tohappen due to oxygen in the atmosphere that is 'hungry' for electrons.
自由女神像的颜色变化是必然会发生的，因为周围空气中的氧气“渴求”电子。
On top of this, elements of New York City's polluted air added tothe color change too.
除此以外，纽约市空气中的污染物质也促成了颜色的变化。
Added to that, chloride from the sea spray surrounding Ellis Island where the statue is located made the statue even greener.
此外，自由女神像所在的埃利斯岛四周海浪中的氯化物让女神像的颜色变得更绿。
The statue stayed this way for over 100 years because the exposed copper is now oxidized and stable, but the statue wouldn't be the same anywhere else.
自由女神像就这样保持了100多年，因为暴露在空气中的铜已经被氧化，化学性质稳定下来，但这尊女神像如果放在其他任何地方都不会是这个颜色。
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