波多黎各是主权国家还是属于美国?
马绍尔群岛是主权国家还是属于美国?
牙买加是主权国家还是属于英国?
开曼群岛是主权国家还是属于英国?
圣基茨和尼维斯是主权国家还是属于英国?
阿鲁巴是主权国家还是属于荷兰?
格陵兰是主权国家还是属于丹麦?
虽然中国人人都知道香港、澳门、台湾是属于中国的,但是一般来说对其他国家的情况就没那么了解了,能正确回答出上述问题的中国人恐怕寥寥无几。主要原因是,很多地图上标注的其实是“国家和地区” (Countries and Regions),而不是“主权国家” (Sovereign State)。这件事勾引起了我的一个好奇心:“主权国家”和“国家和地区”的数量是有差别的,那么世界上到底有哪些不是“主权国家”的“国家和地区”呢?“主权国家”的概念暂且根据联合国的认可来计算,有193个成员国+2个观察员(Holy See 梵蒂冈 和 State of Palestine 巴勒斯坦),一共195个。而根据 ISO 3166,“国家和地区”共249个。也就是说,共有54个“国家和地区”不属于“主权国家”。
name | 中文名 | dependence | alpha-2 | alpha-3 | country-code | iso_3166-2 | region | sub-region | region-code | sub-region-code | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | 阿富汗 | independent | AF | AFG | 4 | ISO 3166-2:AF | Asia | Southern Asia | 142 | 34 | |
Åland Islands | 奥兰群岛 | Finland | AX | ALA | 248 | ISO 3166-2:AX | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Albania | 阿尔巴尼亚 | independent | AL | ALB | 8 | ISO 3166-2:AL | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Algeria | 阿尔及利亚 | independent | DZ | DZA | 12 | ISO 3166-2:DZ | Africa | Northern Africa | 2 | 15 | |
American Samoa | 美属萨摩亚 | USA | AS | ASM | 16 | ISO 3166-2:AS | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
Andorra | 安道尔 | independent | AD | AND | 20 | ISO 3166-2:AD | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Angola | 安哥拉 | independent | AO | AGO | 24 | ISO 3166-2:AO | Africa | Middle Africa | 2 | 17 | |
Anguilla | 安圭拉 | UK | AI | AIA | 660 | ISO 3166-2:AI | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Antarctica | 南极 | - | AQ | ATA | 10 | ISO 3166-2:AQ | |||||
Antigua and Barbuda | 安提瓜和巴布达 | independent | AG | ATG | 28 | ISO 3166-2:AG | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Argentina | 阿根廷 | independent | AR | ARG | 32 | ISO 3166-2:AR | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Armenia | 亚美尼亚 | independent | AM | ARM | 51 | ISO 3166-2:AM | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Aruba | 阿鲁巴 | Netherlands | AW | ABW | 533 | ISO 3166-2:AW | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Australia | 澳大利亚 | independent | AU | AUS | 36 | ISO 3166-2:AU | Oceania | Australia and New Zealand | 9 | 53 | |
Austria | 奥地利 | independent | AT | AUT | 40 | ISO 3166-2:AT | Europe | Western Europe | 150 | 155 | |
Azerbaijan | 阿塞拜疆 | independent | AZ | AZE | 31 | ISO 3166-2:AZ | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Bahamas | 巴哈马 | independent | BS | BHS | 44 | ISO 3166-2:BS | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Bahrain | 巴林 | independent | BH | BHR | 48 | ISO 3166-2:BH | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Bangladesh | 孟加拉 | independent | BD | BGD | 50 | ISO 3166-2:BD | Asia | Southern Asia | 142 | 34 | |
Barbados | 巴巴多斯 | independent | BB | BRB | 52 | ISO 3166-2:BB | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Belarus | 白俄罗斯 | independent | BY | BLR | 112 | ISO 3166-2:BY | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
Belgium | 比利时 | independent | BE | BEL | 56 | ISO 3166-2:BE | Europe | Western Europe | 150 | 155 | |
Belize | 伯利兹 | independent | BZ | BLZ | 84 | ISO 3166-2:BZ | Americas | Central America | 19 | 13 | |
Benin | 贝宁 | independent | BJ | BEN | 204 | ISO 3166-2:BJ | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Bermuda | 百慕大 | UK | BM | BMU | 60 | ISO 3166-2:BM | Americas | Northern America | 19 | 21 | |
Bhutan | 不丹 | independent | BT | BTN | 64 | ISO 3166-2:BT | Asia | Southern Asia | 142 | 34 | |
Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 玻利维亚 | independent | BO | BOL | 68 | ISO 3166-2:BO | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba | 博奈尔、圣尤斯特歇斯与萨巴(加勒比荷兰) | Netherlands | BQ | BES | 535 | ISO 3166-2:BQ | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 波黑 | independent | BA | BIH | 70 | ISO 3166-2:BA | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Botswana | 博茨瓦纳 | independent | BW | BWA | 72 | ISO 3166-2:BW | Africa | Southern Africa | 2 | 18 | |
Bouvet Island | 布维岛 | Norway | BV | BVT | 74 | ISO 3166-2:BV | |||||
Brazil | 巴西 | independent | BR | BRA | 76 | ISO 3166-2:BR | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
British Indian Ocean Territory | 英属印度洋领地 | UK | IO | IOT | 86 | ISO 3166-2:IO | |||||
Brunei Darussalam | 文莱 | independent | BN | BRN | 96 | ISO 3166-2:BN | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Bulgaria | 保加利亚 | independent | BG | BGR | 100 | ISO 3166-2:BG | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
Burkina Faso | 布基纳法索 | independent | BF | BFA | 854 | ISO 3166-2:BF | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Burundi | 布隆迪 | independent | BI | BDI | 108 | ISO 3166-2:BI | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Cambodia | 柬埔寨 | independent | KH | KHM | 116 | ISO 3166-2:KH | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Cameroon | 喀麦隆 | independent | CM | CMR | 120 | ISO 3166-2:CM | Africa | Middle Africa | 2 | 17 | |
Canada | 加拿大 | independent | CA | CAN | 124 | ISO 3166-2:CA | Americas | Northern America | 19 | 21 | |
Cabo Verde | 佛得角 | independent | CV | CPV | 132 | ISO 3166-2:CV | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Cayman Islands | 开曼群岛 | UK | KY | CYM | 136 | ISO 3166-2:KY | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Central African Republic | 中非共和国 | independent | CF | CAF | 140 | ISO 3166-2:CF | Africa | Middle Africa | 2 | 17 | |
Chad | 乍得 | independent | TD | TCD | 148 | ISO 3166-2:TD | Africa | Middle Africa | 2 | 17 | |
Chile | 智利 | independent | CL | CHL | 152 | ISO 3166-2:CL | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
China | 中国 | independent | CN | CHN | 156 | ISO 3166-2:CN | Asia | Eastern Asia | 142 | 30 | |
Christmas Island | 圣诞岛 | Australia | CX | CXR | 162 | ISO 3166-2:CX | |||||
Cocos (Keeling) Islands | 科科斯(基林)群岛 | Australia | CC | CCK | 166 | ISO 3166-2:CC | |||||
Colombia | 哥伦比亚 | independent | CO | COL | 170 | ISO 3166-2:CO | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Comoros | 科摩罗 | independent | KM | COM | 174 | ISO 3166-2:KM | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Congo | 刚果 | independent | CG | COG | 178 | ISO 3166-2:CG | Africa | Middle Africa | 2 | 17 | |
Congo (Democratic Republic of the) | 刚果(民主共和国) | independent | CD | COD | 180 | ISO 3166-2:CD | Africa | Middle Africa | 2 | 17 | |
Cook Islands | 库克群岛 | New Zealand | CK | COK | 184 | ISO 3166-2:CK | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
Costa Rica | 哥斯达黎加 | independent | CR | CRI | 188 | ISO 3166-2:CR | Americas | Central America | 19 | 13 | |
Côte d'Ivoire | 科特迪瓦 | independent | CI | CIV | 384 | ISO 3166-2:CI | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Croatia | 克罗地亚 | independent | HR | HRV | 191 | ISO 3166-2:HR | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Cuba | 古巴 | independent | CU | CUB | 192 | ISO 3166-2:CU | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Curaçao | 库拉索 | Netherlands | CW | CUW | 531 | ISO 3166-2:CW | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Cyprus | 塞浦路斯 | independent | CY | CYP | 196 | ISO 3166-2:CY | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Czech Republic | 捷克共和国 | independent | CZ | CZE | 203 | ISO 3166-2:CZ | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
Denmark | 丹麦 | independent | DK | DNK | 208 | ISO 3166-2:DK | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Djibouti | 吉布提 | independent | DJ | DJI | 262 | ISO 3166-2:DJ | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Dominica | 多米尼克 | independent | DM | DMA | 212 | ISO 3166-2:DM | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Dominican Republic | 多米尼加共和国 | independent | DO | DOM | 214 | ISO 3166-2:DO | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Ecuador | 厄瓜多尔 | independent | EC | ECU | 218 | ISO 3166-2:EC | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Egypt | 埃及 | independent | EG | EGY | 818 | ISO 3166-2:EG | Africa | Northern Africa | 2 | 15 | |
El Salvador | 萨尔瓦多 | independent | SV | SLV | 222 | ISO 3166-2:SV | Americas | Central America | 19 | 13 | |
Equatorial Guinea | 赤道几内亚 | independent | GQ | GNQ | 226 | ISO 3166-2:GQ | Africa | Middle Africa | 2 | 17 | |
Eritrea | 厄立特里亚 | independent | ER | ERI | 232 | ISO 3166-2:ER | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Estonia | 爱沙尼亚 | independent | EE | EST | 233 | ISO 3166-2:EE | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Ethiopia | 埃塞俄比亚 | independent | ET | ETH | 231 | ISO 3166-2:ET | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | 福克兰群岛(马尔维纳斯群岛) | UK | FK | FLK | 238 | ISO 3166-2:FK | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Faroe Islands | 法罗群岛 | Denmark | FO | FRO | 234 | ISO 3166-2:FO | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Fiji | 斐济 | independent | FJ | FJI | 242 | ISO 3166-2:FJ | Oceania | Melanesia | 9 | 54 | |
Finland | 芬兰 | independent | FI | FIN | 246 | ISO 3166-2:FI | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
France | 法国 | independent | FR | FRA | 250 | ISO 3166-2:FR | Europe | Western Europe | 150 | 155 | |
French Guiana | 法属圭亚那 | France | GF | GUF | 254 | ISO 3166-2:GF | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
French Polynesia | 法属波利尼西亚 | France | PF | PYF | 258 | ISO 3166-2:PF | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
French Southern Territories | 法属南部领地 | France | TF | ATF | 260 | ISO 3166-2:TF | |||||
Gabon | 加蓬 | independent | GA | GAB | 266 | ISO 3166-2:GA | Africa | Middle Africa | 2 | 17 | |
Gambia | 冈比亚 | independent | GM | GMB | 270 | ISO 3166-2:GM | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Georgia | 格鲁吉亚 | independent | GE | GEO | 268 | ISO 3166-2:GE | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Germany | 德国 | independent | DE | DEU | 276 | ISO 3166-2:DE | Europe | Western Europe | 150 | 155 | |
Ghana | 加纳 | independent | GH | GHA | 288 | ISO 3166-2:GH | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Gibraltar | 直布罗陀 | UK | GI | GIB | 292 | ISO 3166-2:GI | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Greece | 希腊 | independent | GR | GRC | 300 | ISO 3166-2:GR | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Greenland | 格陵兰 | Denmark | GL | GRL | 304 | ISO 3166-2:GL | Americas | Northern America | 19 | 21 | |
Grenada | 格林纳达 | independent | GD | GRD | 308 | ISO 3166-2:GD | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Guadeloupe | 瓜德罗普岛 | France | GP | GLP | 312 | ISO 3166-2:GP | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Guam | 关岛 | USA | GU | GUM | 316 | ISO 3166-2:GU | Oceania | Micronesia | 9 | 57 | |
Guatemala | 危地马拉 | independent | GT | GTM | 320 | ISO 3166-2:GT | Americas | Central America | 19 | 13 | |
Guernsey | 根西岛 | UK | GG | GGY | 831 | ISO 3166-2:GG | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Guinea | 几内亚 | independent | GN | GIN | 324 | ISO 3166-2:GN | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Guinea-Bissau | 几内亚比绍 | independent | GW | GNB | 624 | ISO 3166-2:GW | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Guyana | 圭亚那 | independent | GY | GUY | 328 | ISO 3166-2:GY | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Haiti | 海地 | independent | HT | HTI | 332 | ISO 3166-2:HT | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Heard Island and McDonald Islands | 赫德岛和麦当劳群岛 | Australia | HM | HMD | 334 | ISO 3166-2:HM | |||||
Holy See | 圣座(梵蒂冈) | independent | VA | VAT | 336 | ISO 3166-2:VA | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Honduras | 洪都拉斯 | independent | HN | HND | 340 | ISO 3166-2:HN | Americas | Central America | 19 | 13 | |
Hong Kong | 香港 | China | HK | HKG | 344 | ISO 3166-2:HK | Asia | Eastern Asia | 142 | 30 | |
Hungary | 匈牙利 | independent | HU | HUN | 348 | ISO 3166-2:HU | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
Iceland | 冰岛 | independent | IS | ISL | 352 | ISO 3166-2:IS | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
India | 印度 | independent | IN | IND | 356 | ISO 3166-2:IN | Asia | Southern Asia | 142 | 34 | |
Indonesia | 印度尼西亚 | independent | ID | IDN | 360 | ISO 3166-2:ID | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 伊朗 | independent | IR | IRN | 364 | ISO 3166-2:IR | Asia | Southern Asia | 142 | 34 | |
Iraq | 伊拉克 | independent | IQ | IRQ | 368 | ISO 3166-2:IQ | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Ireland | 爱尔兰 | independent | IE | IRL | 372 | ISO 3166-2:IE | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Isle of Man | 马恩岛 | UK | IM | IMN | 833 | ISO 3166-2:IM | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Israel | 以色列 | independent | IL | ISR | 376 | ISO 3166-2:IL | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Italy | 意大利 | independent | IT | ITA | 380 | ISO 3166-2:IT | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Jamaica | 牙买加 | independent | JM | JAM | 388 | ISO 3166-2:JM | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Japan | 日本 | independent | JP | JPN | 392 | ISO 3166-2:JP | Asia | Eastern Asia | 142 | 30 | |
Jersey | 泽西岛 | UK | JE | JEY | 832 | ISO 3166-2:JE | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Jordan | 约旦 | independent | JO | JOR | 400 | ISO 3166-2:JO | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Kazakhstan | 哈萨克斯坦 | independent | KZ | KAZ | 398 | ISO 3166-2:KZ | Asia | Central Asia | 142 | 143 | |
Kenya | 肯尼亚 | independent | KE | KEN | 404 | ISO 3166-2:KE | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Kiribati | 基里巴斯 | independent | KI | KIR | 296 | ISO 3166-2:KI | Oceania | Micronesia | 9 | 57 | |
Korea (Democratic People's Republic of) | 朝鲜 | independent | KP | PRK | 408 | ISO 3166-2:KP | Asia | Eastern Asia | 142 | 30 | |
Korea (Republic of) | 韩国 | independent | KR | KOR | 410 | ISO 3166-2:KR | Asia | Eastern Asia | 142 | 30 | |
Kuwait | 科威特 | independent | KW | KWT | 414 | ISO 3166-2:KW | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Kyrgyzstan | 吉尔吉斯斯坦 | independent | KG | KGZ | 417 | ISO 3166-2:KG | Asia | Central Asia | 142 | 143 | |
Lao People's Democratic Republic | 老挝 | independent | LA | LAO | 418 | ISO 3166-2:LA | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Latvia | 拉脱维亚 | independent | LV | LVA | 428 | ISO 3166-2:LV | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Lebanon | 黎巴嫩 | independent | LB | LBN | 422 | ISO 3166-2:LB | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Lesotho | 莱索托 | independent | LS | LSO | 426 | ISO 3166-2:LS | Africa | Southern Africa | 2 | 18 | |
Liberia | 利比里亚 | independent | LR | LBR | 430 | ISO 3166-2:LR | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Libya | 利比亚 | independent | LY | LBY | 434 | ISO 3166-2:LY | Africa | Northern Africa | 2 | 15 | |
Liechtenstein | 列支敦士登 | independent | LI | LIE | 438 | ISO 3166-2:LI | Europe | Western Europe | 150 | 155 | |
Lithuania | 立陶宛 | independent | LT | LTU | 440 | ISO 3166-2:LT | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Luxembourg | 卢森堡 | independent | LU | LUX | 442 | ISO 3166-2:LU | Europe | Western Europe | 150 | 155 | |
Macao | 澳门 | China | MO | MAC | 446 | ISO 3166-2:MO | Asia | Eastern Asia | 142 | 30 | |
Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of) | 马其顿 | independent | MK | MKD | 807 | ISO 3166-2:MK | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Madagascar | 马达加斯加 | independent | MG | MDG | 450 | ISO 3166-2:MG | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Malawi | 马拉维 | independent | MW | MWI | 454 | ISO 3166-2:MW | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Malaysia | 马来西亚 | independent | MY | MYS | 458 | ISO 3166-2:MY | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Maldives | 马尔代夫 | independent | MV | MDV | 462 | ISO 3166-2:MV | Asia | Southern Asia | 142 | 34 | |
Mali | 马里 | independent | ML | MLI | 466 | ISO 3166-2:ML | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Malta | 马耳他 | independent | MT | MLT | 470 | ISO 3166-2:MT | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Marshall Islands | 马绍尔群岛 | independent | MH | MHL | 584 | ISO 3166-2:MH | Oceania | Micronesia | 9 | 57 | |
Martinique | 马提尼克 | France | MQ | MTQ | 474 | ISO 3166-2:MQ | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Mauritania | 毛里塔尼亚 | independent | MR | MRT | 478 | ISO 3166-2:MR | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Mauritius | 毛里求斯 | independent | MU | MUS | 480 | ISO 3166-2:MU | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Mayotte | 马约特 | France | YT | MYT | 175 | ISO 3166-2:YT | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Mexico | 墨西哥 | independent | MX | MEX | 484 | ISO 3166-2:MX | Americas | Central America | 19 | 13 | |
Micronesia (Federated States of) | 密克罗尼西亚 | independent | FM | FSM | 583 | ISO 3166-2:FM | Oceania | Micronesia | 9 | 57 | |
Moldova (Republic of) | 摩尔多瓦 | independent | MD | MDA | 498 | ISO 3166-2:MD | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
Monaco | 摩纳哥 | independent | MC | MCO | 492 | ISO 3166-2:MC | Europe | Western Europe | 150 | 155 | |
Mongolia | 蒙古 | independent | MN | MNG | 496 | ISO 3166-2:MN | Asia | Eastern Asia | 142 | 30 | |
Montenegro | 黑山 | independent | ME | MNE | 499 | ISO 3166-2:ME | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Montserrat | 蒙特塞拉特 | UK | MS | MSR | 500 | ISO 3166-2:MS | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Morocco | 摩洛哥 | independent | MA | MAR | 504 | ISO 3166-2:MA | Africa | Northern Africa | 2 | 15 | |
Mozambique | 莫桑比克 | independent | MZ | MOZ | 508 | ISO 3166-2:MZ | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Myanmar | 缅甸 | independent | MM | MMR | 104 | ISO 3166-2:MM | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Namibia | 纳米比亚 | independent | NA | NAM | 516 | ISO 3166-2:NA | Africa | Southern Africa | 2 | 18 | |
Nauru | 瑙鲁 | independent | NR | NRU | 520 | ISO 3166-2:NR | Oceania | Micronesia | 9 | 57 | |
Nepal | 尼泊尔 | independent | NP | NPL | 524 | ISO 3166-2:NP | Asia | Southern Asia | 142 | 34 | |
Netherlands | 荷兰 | independent | NL | NLD | 528 | ISO 3166-2:NL | Europe | Western Europe | 150 | 155 | |
New Caledonia | 新喀里多尼亚 | France | NC | NCL | 540 | ISO 3166-2:NC | Oceania | Melanesia | 9 | 54 | |
New Zealand | 新西兰 | independent | NZ | NZL | 554 | ISO 3166-2:NZ | Oceania | Australia and New Zealand | 9 | 53 | |
Nicaragua | 尼加拉瓜 | independent | NI | NIC | 558 | ISO 3166-2:NI | Americas | Central America | 19 | 13 | |
Niger | 尼日尔 | independent | NE | NER | 562 | ISO 3166-2:NE | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Nigeria | 尼日利亚 | independent | NG | NGA | 566 | ISO 3166-2:NG | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Niue | 纽埃 | New Zealand | NU | NIU | 570 | ISO 3166-2:NU | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
Norfolk Island | 诺福克岛 | Australia | NF | NFK | 574 | ISO 3166-2:NF | Oceania | Australia and New Zealand | 9 | 53 | |
Northern Mariana Islands | 北马里亚纳群岛 | USA | MP | MNP | 580 | ISO 3166-2:MP | Oceania | Micronesia | 9 | 57 | |
Norway | 挪威 | independent | NO | NOR | 578 | ISO 3166-2:NO | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Oman | 阿曼 | independent | OM | OMN | 512 | ISO 3166-2:OM | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Pakistan | 巴基斯坦 | independent | PK | PAK | 586 | ISO 3166-2:PK | Asia | Southern Asia | 142 | 34 | |
Palau | 帕劳 | independent | PW | PLW | 585 | ISO 3166-2:PW | Oceania | Micronesia | 9 | 57 | |
Palestine, State of | 巴勒斯坦 | independent | PS | PSE | 275 | ISO 3166-2:PS | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Panama | 巴拿马 | independent | PA | PAN | 591 | ISO 3166-2:PA | Americas | Central America | 19 | 13 | |
Papua New Guinea | 巴布亚新几内亚 | independent | PG | PNG | 598 | ISO 3166-2:PG | Oceania | Melanesia | 9 | 54 | |
Paraguay | 巴拉圭 | independent | PY | PRY | 600 | ISO 3166-2:PY | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Peru | 秘鲁 | independent | PE | PER | 604 | ISO 3166-2:PE | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Philippines | 菲律宾 | independent | PH | PHL | 608 | ISO 3166-2:PH | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Pitcairn | 皮特凯恩 | UK | PN | PCN | 612 | ISO 3166-2:PN | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
Poland | 波兰 | independent | PL | POL | 616 | ISO 3166-2:PL | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
Portugal | 葡萄牙 | independent | PT | PRT | 620 | ISO 3166-2:PT | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Puerto Rico | 波多黎各 | USA | PR | PRI | 630 | ISO 3166-2:PR | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Qatar | 卡塔尔 | independent | QA | QAT | 634 | ISO 3166-2:QA | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Réunion | 留尼旺 | France | RE | REU | 638 | ISO 3166-2:RE | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Romania | 罗马尼亚 | independent | RO | ROU | 642 | ISO 3166-2:RO | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
Russian Federation | 俄罗斯 | independent | RU | RUS | 643 | ISO 3166-2:RU | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
Rwanda | 卢旺达 | independent | RW | RWA | 646 | ISO 3166-2:RW | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Saint Barthélemy | 圣巴泰勒米 | France | BL | BLM | 652 | ISO 3166-2:BL | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | 圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚 | UK | SH | SHN | 654 | ISO 3166-2:SH | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 圣基茨和尼维斯 | independent | KN | KNA | 659 | ISO 3166-2:KN | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Saint Lucia | 圣卢西亚 | independent | LC | LCA | 662 | ISO 3166-2:LC | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Saint Martin (French part) | 法属圣马丁 | France | MF | MAF | 663 | ISO 3166-2:MF | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 圣皮埃尔和密克隆 | France | PM | SPM | 666 | ISO 3166-2:PM | Americas | Northern America | 19 | 21 | |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 圣文森特和格林纳丁斯 | independent | VC | VCT | 670 | ISO 3166-2:VC | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Samoa | 萨摩亚 | independent | WS | WSM | 882 | ISO 3166-2:WS | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
San Marino | 圣马力诺 | independent | SM | SMR | 674 | ISO 3166-2:SM | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Sao Tome and Principe | 圣多美和普林西比 | independent | ST | STP | 678 | ISO 3166-2:ST | Africa | Middle Africa | 2 | 17 | |
Saudi Arabia | 沙特阿拉伯 | independent | SA | SAU | 682 | ISO 3166-2:SA | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Senegal | 塞内加尔 | independent | SN | SEN | 686 | ISO 3166-2:SN | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Serbia | 塞尔维亚 | independent | RS | SRB | 688 | ISO 3166-2:RS | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Seychelles | 塞舌尔 | independent | SC | SYC | 690 | ISO 3166-2:SC | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Sierra Leone | 塞拉利昂 | independent | SL | SLE | 694 | ISO 3166-2:SL | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Singapore | 新加坡 | independent | SG | SGP | 702 | ISO 3166-2:SG | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 荷属圣马丁 | Netherlands | SX | SXM | 534 | ISO 3166-2:SX | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Slovakia | 斯洛伐克 | independent | SK | SVK | 703 | ISO 3166-2:SK | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
Slovenia | 斯洛文尼亚 | independent | SI | SVN | 705 | ISO 3166-2:SI | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Solomon Islands | 所罗门群岛 | independent | SB | SLB | 90 | ISO 3166-2:SB | Oceania | Melanesia | 9 | 54 | |
Somalia | 索马里 | independent | SO | SOM | 706 | ISO 3166-2:SO | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
South Africa | 南非 | independent | ZA | ZAF | 710 | ISO 3166-2:ZA | Africa | Southern Africa | 2 | 18 | |
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | 南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛 | UK | GS | SGS | 239 | ISO 3166-2:GS | |||||
South Sudan | 南苏丹 | independent | SS | SSD | 728 | ISO 3166-2:SS | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Spain | 西班牙 | independent | ES | ESP | 724 | ISO 3166-2:ES | Europe | Southern Europe | 150 | 39 | |
Sri Lanka | 斯里兰卡 | independent | LK | LKA | 144 | ISO 3166-2:LK | Asia | Southern Asia | 142 | 34 | |
Sudan | 苏丹 | independent | SD | SDN | 729 | ISO 3166-2:SD | Africa | Northern Africa | 2 | 15 | |
Suriname | 苏里南 | independent | SR | SUR | 740 | ISO 3166-2:SR | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Svalbard and Jan Mayen | 斯瓦巴和扬马延 | Norway | SJ | SJM | 744 | ISO 3166-2:SJ | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Swaziland | 斯威士兰 | independent | SZ | SWZ | 748 | ISO 3166-2:SZ | Africa | Southern Africa | 2 | 18 | |
Sweden | 挪威 | independent | SE | SWE | 752 | ISO 3166-2:SE | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
Switzerland | 瑞士 | independent | CH | CHE | 756 | ISO 3166-2:CH | Europe | Western Europe | 150 | 155 | |
Syrian Arab Republic | 叙利亚 | independent | SY | SYR | 760 | ISO 3166-2:SY | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Taiwan, Province of China | 台湾(中国的一个省) | China | TW | TWN | 158 | ISO 3166-2:TW | Asia | Eastern Asia | 142 | 30 | |
Tajikistan | 塔吉克斯坦 | independent | TJ | TJK | 762 | ISO 3166-2:TJ | Asia | Central Asia | 142 | 143 | |
Tanzania, United Republic of | 坦桑尼亚 | independent | TZ | TZA | 834 | ISO 3166-2:TZ | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Thailand | 泰国 | independent | TH | THA | 764 | ISO 3166-2:TH | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Timor-Leste | 东帝汶 | independent | TL | TLS | 626 | ISO 3166-2:TL | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Togo | 多哥 | independent | TG | TGO | 768 | ISO 3166-2:TG | Africa | Western Africa | 2 | 11 | |
Tokelau | 托克劳 | New Zealand | TK | TKL | 772 | ISO 3166-2:TK | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
Tonga | 汤加 | independent | TO | TON | 776 | ISO 3166-2:TO | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
Trinidad and Tobago | 特立尼达和多巴哥 | independent | TT | TTO | 780 | ISO 3166-2:TT | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Tunisia | 突尼斯 | independent | TN | TUN | 788 | ISO 3166-2:TN | Africa | Northern Africa | 2 | 15 | |
Turkey | 土耳其 | independent | TR | TUR | 792 | ISO 3166-2:TR | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Turkmenistan | 土库曼斯坦 | independent | TM | TKM | 795 | ISO 3166-2:TM | Asia | Central Asia | 142 | 143 | |
Turks and Caicos Islands | 特克斯和凯科斯群岛 | UK | TC | TCA | 796 | ISO 3166-2:TC | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Tuvalu | 图瓦卢 | independent | TV | TUV | 798 | ISO 3166-2:TV | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
Uganda | 乌干达 | independent | UG | UGA | 800 | ISO 3166-2:UG | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Ukraine | 乌克兰 | independent | UA | UKR | 804 | ISO 3166-2:UA | Europe | Eastern Europe | 150 | 151 | |
United Arab Emirates | 阿联酋 | independent | AE | ARE | 784 | ISO 3166-2:AE | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 英国 | independent | GB | GBR | 826 | ISO 3166-2:GB | Europe | Northern Europe | 150 | 154 | |
United States of America | 美国 | independent | US | USA | 840 | ISO 3166-2:US | Americas | Northern America | 19 | 21 | |
United States Minor Outlying Islands | 美国本土外小岛屿 | USA | UM | UMI | 581 | ISO 3166-2:UM | |||||
Uruguay | 乌拉圭 | independent | UY | URY | 858 | ISO 3166-2:UY | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Uzbekistan | 乌兹别克斯坦 | independent | UZ | UZB | 860 | ISO 3166-2:UZ | Asia | Central Asia | 142 | 143 | |
Vanuatu | 瓦努阿图 | independent | VU | VUT | 548 | ISO 3166-2:VU | Oceania | Melanesia | 9 | 54 | |
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 委内瑞拉 | independent | VE | VEN | 862 | ISO 3166-2:VE | Americas | South America | 19 | 5 | |
Viet Nam | 越南 | independent | VN | VNM | 704 | ISO 3166-2:VN | Asia | South-Eastern Asia | 142 | 35 | |
Virgin Islands (British) | 英属维尔京群岛 | UK | VG | VGB | 92 | ISO 3166-2:VG | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Virgin Islands (U.S.) | 美属维尔京群岛 | USA | VI | VIR | 850 | ISO 3166-2:VI | Americas | Caribbean | 19 | 29 | |
Wallis and Futuna | 瓦利斯和富图纳 | France | WF | WLF | 876 | ISO 3166-2:WF | Oceania | Polynesia | 9 | 61 | |
Western Sahara | 西撒哈拉 | Morocco | EH | ESH | 732 | ISO 3166-2:EH | Africa | Northern Africa | 2 | 15 | |
Yemen | 也门 | independent | YE | YEM | 887 | ISO 3166-2:YE | Asia | Western Asia | 142 | 145 | |
Zambia | 赞比亚 | independent | ZM | ZMB | 894 | ISO 3166-2:ZM | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 | |
Zimbabwe | 津巴布韦 | independent | ZW | ZWE | 716 | ISO 3166-2:ZW | Africa | Eastern Africa | 2 | 14 |
下面我就来细细数一下他们都是什么情况:
中国的特别行政区(SAR)
Hong Kong 香港
Macao 澳门
Taiwan, Province of China 台湾(在 ISO 的标准里这个地区就叫做”Taiwan, Province of China”)
美国除了拥有本土48个州及阿拉斯加、夏威夷之外,还有以下几个属地 (permanently inhabited territories):
American Samoa 美属萨摩亚
Guam 关岛
Northern Mariana Islands 北马里亚纳群岛
Puerto Rico 波多黎各
Virgin Islands (U.S.) 美属维尔京群岛
除此之外,还控制着一些目前无人居住的小岛 (uninhabited territories),他们被合并称为:
United States Minor Outlying Islands 美国本土外小岛屿
当年的日不落帝国,自然也有若干海外属地 (British Overseas Territories):
Anguilla 安圭拉
Bermuda 百慕大
British Indian Ocean Territory 英属印度洋领地
Cayman Islands 开曼群岛
Falkland Islands (Malvinas) 福克兰群岛(马尔维纳斯群岛)
Gibraltar 直布罗陀
Montserrat 蒙特塞拉特
Pitcairn 皮特凯恩
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛
Turks and Caicos Islands 特克斯和凯科斯群岛
Virgin Islands (British) 英属维尔京群岛
除此之外,还有以下三个王冠属地 (Crown dependencies):
Guernsey 根西岛
Isle of Man 马恩岛
Jersey 泽西岛
法国海外属地
法国也仍然保有一些海外属地,其行政区划较为混乱,这里就不区分了,它们是:
French Guiana 法属圭亚那
French Polynesia 法属波利尼西亚
French Southern Territories 法属南部领地
Guadeloupe 瓜德罗普岛
Martinique 马提尼克
Mayotte 马约特
New Caledonia 新喀里多尼亚
Réunion 留尼旺
Saint Barthélemy 圣巴泰勒米
Saint Martin (French part) 法属圣马丁
Saint Pierre and Miquelon 圣皮埃尔和密克隆
Wallis and Futuna 瓦利斯和富图纳
荷兰海外属地
当年的航海强国荷兰,也仍然有一些本土之外的国土。荷兰的行政区划是这样的:Kingdom of the Netherlands 荷兰王国由4个 Countries 构成:Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten。其中 Netherlands 分为两部分:European Netherlands 欧洲荷兰和 Caribbean Netherlands 加勒比荷兰。其中的欧洲荷兰即大家通常认识中的荷兰… 把其中提到的几个地方列出来吧:
Aruba 阿鲁巴
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba 博奈尔、圣尤斯特歇斯与萨巴(加勒比荷兰)
Curaçao 库拉索
Sint Maarten (Dutch part) 荷属圣马丁
这些荷兰的海外属地都在加勒比海一带。
澳大利亚海外属地
Christmas Island 圣诞岛
Cocos (Keeling) Islands 科科斯(基林)群岛
Heard Island and McDonald Islands 赫德岛和麦当劳群岛
Norfolk Island 诺福克岛
新西兰海外属地
Cook Islands 库克群岛
Tokelau 托克劳
挪威海外属地
Svalbard and Jan Mayen 斯瓦巴和扬马延
Bouvet Island 布维岛
丹麦海外属地
Faroe Islands 法罗群岛
Greenland 格陵兰
芬兰海外属地
Åland Islands 奥兰群岛
争议地区:西撒哈拉
Western Sahara 西撒哈拉
“该地是一个有争议地区,当地独立武装组织西撒人阵统治着该地区东部大约三分之一的荒芜地区,其余大部分均为摩洛哥王国所占领。目前,共有47个国家承认西撒人阵所领导的阿拉伯撒哈拉民主共和国为独立的阿拉伯国家。” 现状就是联合国还没有吸纳他入伙成为成员国,而 ISO 先一步把它加入“国家和地区”列表了。
南极
Antarctica 南极
“根据1961年6月通过的《南极条约》,规定南极只用于和平目的,可以说,南极现在不属于任何一个国家,它属于全人类。”(来源:维基百科)
以上就是全部54个不属于“主权国家”的“国家和地区”了。看了这个列表,顿生感慨:其中的绝大多数地区都是西方发达国家当年占领抢来的离本土十分遥远的地方,唯有中国的那三个,是家门口的地方被抢了太久才要回来。